Week 5 step 1

1. Internet

Tim Berners-Lee 
Born: 8 June 1955
Birthplace: London, England
Best Known As: Inventor of the World Wide Web
A graduate of Oxford University, Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web, an internet-based hypermedia initiative for global information sharing while at CERN, the European Particle Physics Laboratory, in 1989. He wrote the first web client and server in 1990. His specifications of URIs, HTTP and HTML were refined as Web technology spread.
He is the 3Com Founders Professor of Engineering in the School of Engineering with a joint appointment in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the Laboratory for Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence ( CSAIL) at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) where he also heads the Decentralized Information Group (DIG). He is also a Professor in the Electronics and Computer Science Department at the University of Southampton, UK.
He is the Director of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), a Web standards organization founded in 1994 which develops interoperable technologies (specifications, guidelines, software, and tools) to lead the Web to its full potential. He is a founding Director of the Web Science Trust (WST) launched in 2009 to promote research and education in Web Science, the multidisciplinary study of humanity connected by technology. 
He is also a Director of the World Wide Web Foundation, launched in 2009 to fund and coordinate efforts to further the potential of the Web to benefit humanity.
During 2009 Tim also advised the UK Government's "Making Public Data Public" initiative. 
In 2001 he became a Fellow of the Royal Society. He has been the recipient of several international awards including the Japan Prize, the Prince of Asturias Foundation Prize, the Millennium Technology Prize and Germany's Die Quadriga award. In 2004 he was knighted by H.M. Queen Elizabeth and in 2007 he was awarded the Order of Merit. In 2009 he was elected a foreign associate of the National Academy of Sciences. He is the author of "Weaving the Web"
The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks, of local to global scope, that are linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless and optical networking technologies. The Internet carries a vast range of information resources and services, such as the inter-linked hypertext documents of the World Wide Web and the infrastructure to support electronic mail. 

2.Youtube 
Steven Shih Chen (born August 1978) is a Taiwanese American and a co-founder and previous Chief Technology Officer of the popular video sharing website YouTube.

Chen was born in Taipei, Taiwan. When he was eight years old, he and his family immigrated to the United States. Before moving to America, he studied at Ching Shin Elementary School, Taiwan for two years. He attended River Trails Middle School in Mt. Prospect, Illinois and later John Hersey High School and Illinois Math and Science Academy, later attending University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He was an early employee at PayPal, where he met Chad Hurley and Jawed Karim. In 2005, the three founded YouTube. He currently holds the position of Chief Technology Officer at YouTube. Chen was also an early employee at Facebook, although he left after several months to start YouTube. In June 2006, Chen was named by Business 2.0 as one of "The 50 people who matter now" in business.On October 16, 2006, Chen and Hurley sold YouTube to Google, Inc. for $1.65 billion. YouTube is a video-sharing website on which users can upload, share, and view videos, created by three former PayPal employees in February 2005.
The company is based in San Bruno, California, and uses Adobe Flash Video technology to display a wide variety of user-generated video content, including movie clips, TV clips, and music videos, as well as amateur content such as video blogging and short original videos. Most of the content on YouTube has been uploaded by individuals, although media corporations including CBS, BBC, Vevo, Hulu and other organizations offer some of their material via the site, as part of the YouTube partnership program.
Unregistered users may watch videos, and registered users may upload an unlimited number of videos. Videos that are considered to contain potentially offensive content are available only to registered users 18 and older. In November 2006, YouTube, LLC was bought by Google Inc. for $1.65 billion, and now operates as a subsidiary of Google.

3.Large Hadron Collider

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the world's largest and highest-energy particle accelerator. It is expected to address some of the most fundamental questions of physics, advancing the understanding of the deepest laws of nature. This synchrotron is designed to collide opposing particle beams of either protons at an energy of 7 teraelectronvolts  per particle, or lead nuclei at an energy of 574 TeV per nucleus.

The Large Hadron Collider was built by the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) with the intention of testing various predictions of high-energy physics, including the existence of the hypothesized Higgs boson and of the large family of new particles predicted by supersymmetry. It was built in collaboration with over 10,000 scientists and engineers from over 100 countries, as well as hundreds of universities and laboratories.

 4. Web camera

No one knows who the exact creator of the web cam was, but the first one was discovered in the computer science department in Cambridge University. This particular webcam became inactive on the 22nd of August, 2001. It was used to check a coffee pot in the Trojan Room at the University of Cambridge.

A webcam is a video camera which feeds its images in real time to a computer or computer network, often via USB, ethernet or Wi-Fi.

5. GPS navigator

The diverse teams of GPS inventors and designers were led by at least three outstanding American scientists. They are Ivan A. Getting of Raytheon and Aerospace Corporation, who in the 1950s "incubated GPS in his mind;" Bradford Parkinson of the U.S. Air Force, who helped create GPS in 1972; and Roger Easton, of the U.S. Navy Research Laboratory, who filed the enabling patent in 1974.

A GPS navigation device is any device that receives Global Positioning System (GPS) signals for the purpose of determining the device's current location on Earth.

 6. IPOD

Kane Kramer is a British inventor and business man. He is credited with the initial invention of the digital audio player, in 1979. In 1981 Kramer filed for a UK patent for his newly conceived Digital Audio Player, the IXI. UK patent 2115996 was issued in 1985, and U.S. Patent 4,667,088 was issued in 1987. The player was the size of a credit card with a small LCD screen and navigation and volume buttons and would have held data on an 8 MB bubble memory chip with a capacity of 3.5 minutes worth of audio. Five working prototypes were produced and one was unveiled in a trade exhibition in October 1986. Kramer reportedly had £60,000,000[citation needed] in orders for the device from the music industry. However, in 1988 a boardroom dispute within Kramer's company and the subsequent failure to raise the £60,000 required to renew the patent resulted in the patent lapsing and the designs entered the public domain.

iPod is a line of portable media players designed and marketed by Apple and launched on October 23, 2001.

7. YOTA

The Yota logo is known informally as ‘Nuf’, the English word for fun upside-down. Nuf symbolizes the breakthrough that Yota brings to communication and entertainment. The Yota brand was designed by London based agency 300million.

Yota (Russian: Йота) is the trademark of a Russian multinational telecommunications services provider (primarily high speed mobile broadband, with some video, TV and music services).